James eeillt



(No -Model.)

J. REILLY.

PORTABLE HOUSE.

Patented Nov 7,1882.

In 0622 Z02":

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES REILLY, OF SHERBROOKE, QUEBEC, CANADA.

PORTABLE HOUSE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 267,109, dated November'7, 1882.

Application filed April 20, 1852. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JAMES REILLY, acitizen ofthe Dominion of Canada, residing at Sherbrooke, in the county ofSherbrooke and Province of Quebec, .haveinvented certain new and usefulImprovements in Portable Houses; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it-appertains to makeanduse the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and toletters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part ofthis specification.

My inventioirrelates to certain improvements in portable houses, thepurpose of which is to enable houses to be constructed in localitieswhere material is to be readily and cheaply ob tained and then takenapart in sections, so as to be easily transported and expeditiously puttogether.

To these ends my invention consists primarily of a frameless house builtin sections easily detached from one another and of portable dimensionsfor transportation.

My invention further consists of improvements in the details ofconstruction, as herein clearly described, and particularly pointed outin the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation ofmy improved portable house. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section online .r w of Fig.1. Figs. 3 and 4 are details showingthe manner oflocking the floorbeams to the sides of the building. Fig.5 is asectional detail, showing the compound joint in the double walls forjoining two sections together. Fig. 6 is a detail inverted plan of partof one of the roofcleats, showing the upper wave-line surface and thegrooves meeting the lowest points of said wave-line. Fig. 7 is asectional detail, showing the arrangement of a cleat in the double roof,with its grooves or openings. Fig.8 is a sectional elevation of themetallic chimney. Fig.9 is an elevation, partly in section, of one of myimproved anchor-posts; and Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail of the safe, asdescribed Fig. 11, a perspective view of the end of the roof, showingopening T, which opens into the air-space of the roof. A similar openingis formed in the opposite end of the. house.

Corresponding parts in the several figures are denoted by similarletters of reference.

In the annexed drawings, A marks the foundation-sills, detachabl yjoined together to form preferably a rectangular frame. Secured withscrews to these sills, and partly resting thereon, are the sides B andends 0 of the building, which in turn are attached to one another in thesame manner. The sides and ends are of two thicknesses, known generallyas double walls, having one or more intermediate layers of paper, thewhole firmly fastened together with screws from the inside. As shown inthe drawings, the inner wall of a side or end rests on the sills whilethe outer wall extends to the bottom of the sill and is secured theretowith screws. Further, the sides and ends are made up of sections 1), ofsuitable size, and joined by means of the compound joint D, wherein oneof the contiguous surfaces of the outer wall overlaps the joint in theinner wall, and the two ends of said outer wall are fitted together bymeans of the tongue-aiul-groove joint, as clearly shown in Fig. 5 of thedrawings. The boards of the inncr wall of the sides Bare laid diagonallyacross those of the outer wal while the boards of the inner wall of theends 0 are disposed at right angles to those composing the outer wallthereof. This is done to break joints, so as to more thoroughly preventthe entrance of cold or wind through said walls, and, further, to braceand strengthen the parts.

E marks the roof, resting upon the sides and ends ofthe building, andsecured thereto in the manner to be presently described. This roof is oftwo thicknesses, provided with an intermediateair-space, andhavingalayeroftelt paper and another of tarred or water-proof paper,respectively, next the inner boards of the roof. The roof is dividedlongitudinally along the crown or ridge into halves, which in turn aresubdivided transversely into sections fitting together by means of thecompound joint described hereinbefore. The two sections or halves of theroofarc held together with the angle -irons F, fastened to the roof withscrews, and the roof, as a whole, is held to the sides of the buildingby means of the angle-irons G, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The tongue ofthe tongue-and-groove joint is grooved at the point where the sectionsmeet,

2 ecanioe as shown at 6, Fig. 7, the purpose of which isto preventleakage through the roof at said joint. Leakage is also prevented at theridge where the roof is joined by means of a metal saddle-board. Shouldthere be a leakage through the outer thickness of the roof, the waterwill drop onto the tarred paper mentioned heretofore and flow to theeaves. To permit of this the cleats H are cut into wavelines on theirhigher side, or that side nearest the ridge, and are provided withgrooves on the bottom next the tarred paper, and meeting the lowestpoints of the wave-lines, so that, as stated, the water will freely flowto the eaves, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

The floor-joists I rest in notches'made in the sills and support thebottom floor, constructed in sections and the boards of each sectionheld together with cleats. When the building is put together foroccupancy the joists may be firmly held to the sills with staples, ifdesired.

The upper floor beams, K, rest each in a mortise made in the sides B,and are held therein by a lock, L,one end ofwhich engages with the platel, secured to the side B, and extending across the mortise, and theother end inserted in the notch 7c, made in the floor-beam; The lock maybe held in place on the floorbeam with a screw. By this construction theparts are securely held together, the sides prevented from bulgingoutward, and the whole firmly braced. The upper floor may be constructedin sections.

Mrepresentsthemetal chimney, ornamented, if desired, having preferably asquared portion extending upward from the ridge and secured thereto bymeans of the flange shown.

N marks the depending reduced portion or pipe, its lower end partlyclosed and having an lnclosed pipe, at, providing an intermediateair-space. The smoke-pipe O enters the bottom opening of the pipe N,and, extending through said pipe, projects some distance into thesquared portion, as clearly shown in Fig. 8. Thus, by this arrangementof parts, all danger of fire from heated pipes is obviated.

R marks the safe, secured to the upper and under surfaces of the upperfloor, so as to protect said floor from the heat of the smokepipe, thesaid safe consisting of two parts fitting one within the other, asindicated in Fig. 10 of the drawings.

Thebuildingis anchored firmly to the ground by'means of the anchor-postsP, composed of the heavy extended base, and the screw-rod passingthrough the sills and held thereto by the nuts, as shown in Fig. 9. Thescrew-rods permit the raising or lowering of the building, as may bedesired, to overcome any inequalities in the ground. A short piece ofpipe, 1), is placed on each of the rods where the anchor-posts areplanted in the ground and the earth tamped thereon, whereby the buildingwill be firmly anchored. The object in encircling the rods a part oftheir length with loose pipe'is to cause the upward or heaving action ofthe ground through the agency of frost to be exerted on said pipes, andnot upon the rods themselves.

S marks the double beadmade inthe boards of the roof at the joints, thepurpose of which is to prevent the flow of water from the surface of theroof into the joints, to more thoroughly prevent leakage.

Suitable openings are cut into the sides and ends ofthe building andwindow-sash arranged therein, a door or doors are provided, and anawning or porch may be arranged over the door.

While I have described and shown the house as provided with double wallsand lined with felt, tarred, or other paper, to completely provideagainst cold, and while it is evident that the house constructed asdescribed is especially adapted for cold climates, I do not wish to beunderstood as limiting myself to abuilding so provided; but, on thecontrary, the gist of my invention will be preserved in the constructionof a building devoid of these particulars. Again, the construction ofthe various parts can be considerably modified, other fastening devicesthan screws may be used, and the build-- ing itself be changed in manyparticulars without departing from the spirit of my invention. It willbe noticed that the double walls are secured together from the insidewith screws, whereby a smooth unbroken outer surface is obtained, andthe otherwise injurious action of frost on the wood, through theconductivity of the screws, if fastened from the outside, is prevented.

The outer of the floor-beams K may be fastened to the ends of thebuilding with screws to give additional strength thereto.

If desired, openings T may be made in the end of the roof, immediatelyunder the ridge, so as to permit in warm weather a free circulation ofair in the air-space ofthe double roof.

Havingthus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is

1. An improved portable frameless house or dwelling, having its sides,ends, and roof (letachably joined to one another, and said sides, ends,and roof composed each of sections detachablyjoined together andconstructed of two thicknesses of boards, substantially as shown anddescribed.

2. In an improved portable house, the sections 11, composed of twothicknesses of boards, said sections detachably held together by meansof the compound joint D, substantially as set forth.

3. An improved house or building, having its sides and ends made of twowalls or thicknesses and divided into sections, said sections detachablyjoined together by means of the compound joint, as described, and forthe purpose set forth.

4. In a portable house or building, the root formed of sectionsdetachablyjoin ed together, said sections composed of two thicknesses ofboards secured to the intermediate transverse cleats, H, the latterprovided with the openings,

as shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

5. An improved house or building,having its roof divided into halves,said halves detachably held together with the angle-irons F, the halvesconstructed of sections joined together,

and the whole detachably secured to the sides of the building by meansof the an gle-irons G, as set forth.

6. An improved house or building, having a double roof provided with anintermediate air space, and divided into halves detachably held togetherwith the angle-irons F, said halves constructed of sections joinedtogether, and the whole detachably secured to the sides of the buildingby means of the angle-irons G, substantially as set forth.

' 7. The sectional roof provided at its joints with the double bead S,and the tongue provided with a groove, 0, as shown, and for the purposeset forth.

9. In a portable house,'a gable-roof provided with the openings T anddivided along its ridge into halves, said halves connected together andformed of sections detachably joined together and composed of two layersof boards secured to the intermediate transverse cleats,H, provided withthe openings, as shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

10. The combination, with the sides 13, having the mortises and plates1, arranged as described, of the notched floor-beams K It, provided withlocks L, as shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

11. The herein-described anchor-post, composed of the extended base andthe screw-rod having a nut or nuts,'and provided with a loose pipeencircling said screw-rod a part of its length, as shown and described,and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES REILLY.

Witnesses GUSTAVUS LUCKE, L. R. HALL.

